CIVIL SERVICE INFO

.                AI GENRATED IMAGE This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the SHANTI Bill, 2025, and India’s nuclear energy trajectory, structured specifically for UPSC Civil Services Examination (General Studies Paper III: Infrastructure, Energy, and Science & Technology) . India’s Nuclear Renaissance: The SHANTI Bill and the Path to 100 GW Recent legislative developments, specifically the passage of The Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India (SHANTI) Bill, 2025, mark a paradigm shift in India’s energy policy. As India aims for "Developed Nation" status, nuclear energy is emerging as the indispensable "baseload" partner to renewables. 1. The Energy-Development Nexus The core philosophy behind India's nuclear push is the direct correlation between Human Development Index (HDI) and per capita Final Energy Consumption (FEC).  * The Goal: To reach an HDI above 0.9, India needs t...

  Artemisinin Resistance in Asia: The efficacy of artemisinin, the primary antimalarial drug, is diminishing. Here is an overview of the critical aspects: **The Challenge:** * **Malaria Drug Efficacy Decline:** Malaria, a severe mosquito-borne disease, has historically been effectively treated with artemisinin-based therapies, derived from an ancient Chinese herb. * **Emergence of Drug Resistance:** In various regions of Asia, particularly Southeast Asia (e.g., Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thailand), malaria parasites are exhibiting resistance to artemisinin. This resistance compromises the drug's ability to rapidly and completely eradicate the parasites. * **Potential for Global Dissemination:** There is significant concern among researchers that this resistance could propagate globally, especially to Africa, which accounts for 90% of all malaria-related fatalities. Such a spread could precipitate a major global health crisis. **Contributing Factors:** * **Genetic Mutations:** T...

HISTORY OF THE MODERN HISTORY OF CHHATTISGARH                  AI GENRATED IMAGE History Of The modern history of Chhattisgarh commenced with the defeat of the Kalachuri dynasty by the Maratha dynasty. Bhaskar Pant, who served as the military chief of the Maratha Dynasty, successfully defeated King Raghunath Singh of the Kalchuri dynasty during his Bengal expedition in 1741 AD. During that period, the Kalachuri dynasty experienced a decline in power, and the Kalachuri king was deeply distressed due to the loss of his beloved son. In terms of maratha rule in Chhattisgarh we can classified into Five parts....  1. Indirect rule of maratha in Chhattisgarh (1741-1758 AD)  2. Direct rule of maratha through bimbaji        Bhosle (1758 - 1787 AD)  3. Suba rule in Chhattisgarh ( 1787 - 1818 AD)  4. Rule of British Superintendent on behalf of maratha king raghu ji third(1818-1830 AD)  5. Rule of ...

The Geopolitics of Tech: Analyzing the Shift in US-China Chip Trade          AI GENRATED IMAGE  Context In a significant shift in the ongoing US-China "Tech War," the U.S. administration (referenced as President Trump in the text) announced on December 8 that Chinese firms will be permitted to import Nvidia’s H200 Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), subject to a 25% revenue surcharge paid to the U.S. government. This moves away from a strict ban toward a conditional trade model. Technological & Strategic Significance (GS-3) The H200 chips are critical infrastructure for Artificial Intelligence (AI) development, particularly for training Large Language Models (LLMs). While they are one generation behind Nvidia’s cutting-edge "Blackwell" architecture, they remain powerful tools. Previously, the U.S., alongside allies like Japan and the Netherlands, restricted these exports due to "dual-use" concerns—fearing China would utilize advanced compu...

Australia's Landmark Social Media Ban for Under-16s: A Critical Analysis                    AI GENRATED IMAGE  Introduction In a pioneering move with significant global implications, Australia has become the first country in the world to implement a blanket ban on social media access for children under the age of 16. The law, which came into effect on December 10, 2024, has ignited a worldwide debate on the balance between protecting minors online and preserving their digital rights. This decisive action by the Australian government, following a year-long debate, is being closely watched by other nations considering similar measures. The Online Safety Amendment (Social Media Minimum Age) Bill 2024 The legislation, officially known as the Online Safety Amendment (Social Media Minimum Age) Bill 2024, mandates a minimum age of 16 for holding accounts on certain social media platforms.  Key features of the law include: ...

                AI GENRATED IMAGE It analyzes the text through the lens of International Relations (GS-II) and Environment & Ecology (GS-III). Pavilion Diplomacy at COP30: Soft Power, Hard Realities, and the North-South Divide Syllabus Relevance:  * GS Paper II: International Relations (Global groupings involving India, Important International institutions, agencies and fora).  * GS Paper III: Environment (Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment). Context The article reports from COP30 (Conference of Parties) held in Belem, Brazil. While the formal negotiations happen behind closed doors, the "Pavilions" serve as temporary embassies where countries display their cultural soft power and commitment to sustainable development. The contrast between the Chinese and Indian pavilions offers a microcosm of the broader geopolitical and economic dynamics at play in climate negotiations...